How is the term Pagan best defined?

The term Pagan is best defined as one who engages in practices or follows beliefs that are often associated with polytheism, nature worship, or folk traditions outside of the mainstream religions, particularly those that follow a monotheistic doctrine. The correct answer, while relating to material goods, aligns more closely with a certain understanding of Paganism that emphasizes a connection to the material world and nature, often valuing life, nature, and physical experiences.

In this context, option C could reflect certain interpretations of Paganism that embrace earthly pleasures and the material world as integral facets of their belief system. This acknowledges the historical and cultural contexts in which 'Pagan' has been used, recognizing a celebration of the material and natural realm rather than a strictly spiritual or ethical living approach.

The other choices do not align with the broader and more traditional definitions of Paganism. The first option relates to followers of monotheistic beliefs, which is antithetical to the idea of Paganism. Engaging in scientific pursuits is more characteristic of rationalist or secular values, not specifically tied to Pagan views. The concept of ethical living is more aligned with various philosophical or religious teachings rather than distinctly defining Paganism itself. Therefore, option C, while not a conventional definition, connects