In which case can an offer be withdrawn?

An offer can be withdrawn before acceptance because it signifies the point at which the offer is still open to negotiation and has not yet been agreed upon by both parties. Until the offer has been formally accepted, the party who made the offer retains the right to retract it, as there is no binding agreement in place. This situation underscores the nature of contract law, which requires mutual assent for an agreement to be valid.

The conditions described in the other scenarios do not allow for a valid withdrawal of an offer. Once an acceptance has occurred, a binding agreement is formed, meaning the offer can no longer be revoked. If there is a counteroffer, the original offer is effectively terminated and cannot be accepted or withdrawn anymore. Additionally, during execution, where the terms of the agreement are being fulfilled, the offer cannot be unilaterally withdrawn without potentially breaching the contract.