The capacity of a given solute to dissolve in a given solvent is referred to as what?

The ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent is known as solubility. This term specifically describes the extent to which a substance (the solute) can be incorporated into a liquid (the solvent) to form a homogenous solution at a certain temperature and pressure. Solubility is influenced by various factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of both the solute and solvent.

Concentration, on the other hand, refers to the amount of solute present in a given quantity of solvent or solution, whereas viscosity describes the thickness or resistance to flow of a liquid. Purity pertains to the absence of other substances or impurities in a sample. These terms, while related to solutions and mixtures, do not specifically capture the essence of a solute's ability to dissolve in a solvent, making solubility the most accurate choice in this context.