What is the primary purpose of citrates and oxalates in embalming fluids?

The primary purpose of citrates and oxalates in embalming fluids is to function as anticoagulants. Anticoagulants are substances that prevent the coagulation or clotting of blood, which is essential in the embalming process. By inhibiting blood clotting, these compounds help ensure that the embalming fluid circulates more effectively through the vascular system, allowing for a better distribution and penetration of the preservative and disinfectant properties of the embalming solution.

This is crucial for preserving the body, as well as ensuring a more uniform distribution of fluids throughout the tissues. Without anticoagulants like citrates and oxalates, blood would clot during the embalming process, complicating fluid distribution and potentially leading to incomplete embalming.

The other options—the preservatives help in inhibiting decomposition; humectants are used to retain moisture in the tissue, and dyes are included for aesthetic purposes and to improve the appearance of the body—do not specifically relate to the role of citrates and oxalates as anticoagulants.