What term is often associated with an irreligious or hedonistic person?

The term most commonly associated with an irreligious or hedonistic person is "heathen." In historical contexts, "heathen" was used to describe individuals or communities who adhered to pagan religious practices or those seen as outside the bounds of the dominant religions, particularly Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. Over time, the term has evolved and is often employed to characterize individuals who are perceived as uncultured or lacking in moral or religious restraint.

The choice of "heathen" as the correct answer also aligns with its broader cultural implications, suggesting a lifestyle that indulges in sensual pleasures or rejects traditional moral constraints, which resonates with the notion of hedonism.

In contrast, other terms, while related to beliefs about religion or spirituality, do not encapsulate the same connotation of irreligious or unrestrained behavior. Monotheists strictly believe in a single deity, pagans traditionally refer to polytheistic practices and beliefs, and atheists lack belief in any deities but may not necessarily embody a hedonistic lifestyle. Thus, "heathen" distinctly captures the essence of irreligiosity combined with indulgent behavior.