What was one of the primary reasons for the practice of Roman extramural burial?

One of the primary reasons for the practice of Roman extramural burial was sanitation concerns. In ancient Rome, as urban areas grew more densely populated, the health risks associated with interring bodies within city limits became a significant issue. The decomposition of bodies could lead to unsanitary conditions that posed a threat to the living population. Consequently, it became common practice to bury the dead outside the city walls, in designated cemeteries or burial grounds, to minimize the risk of contamination and to maintain a healthier environment for the living. This practice served both practical health needs and urban planning considerations, aligning with the Roman emphasis on public health and sanitation.

While social status, religious traditions, and a connection to nature were also relevant to burial practices, they did not primarily drive the widespread adoption of extramural burials as did the pressing need for improved sanitation in growing urban centers.