Which counseling approach is characterized by encouraging dependence by the bereaved?

Directive counseling is a method where the counselor takes a more active role in guiding the bereaved individual through their emotions and decisions. This approach often involves providing clear guidance and support, which can foster dependency as the bereaved may rely on the counselor for direction and reassurance during their grief process. By offering specific advice and strategies, the counselor helps the bereaved navigate their feelings and experiences, which can lead to a sense of reliance on the counselor as a critical support figure.

In contrast, non-directive counseling emphasizes the client's autonomy and encourages them to explore their feelings and thoughts without much guidance from the counselor. This approach fosters independence, as the client is empowered to find their own answers and pathways through grief.

Client-centered counseling focuses on establishing a supportive environment where the client can explore their feelings at their own pace. It emphasizes self-actualization and promotes the client's independence rather than encouraging dependence.

Psychodynamic counseling delves into unconscious processes and past experiences to understand emotional issues. While it can provide insight into the nature of one's grief, it does not specifically aim to foster dependence in the way that directive counseling might.

These distinctions help clarify the nature of directive counseling and why it is characterized by encouraging dependency among the bereaved.