Which of the following courts handles cases related to family law, such as adoption and divorce?

Family court specifically addresses issues related to family law, including matters such as adoption, divorce, child custody, and domestic relations. This specialized court is designed to handle the unique legal needs of families and resolves conflicts that arise within family structures.

Family law differs from other legal domains because it focuses on personal relationships and the rights and responsibilities of family members. By having a court dedicated to these matters, it allows for judges and legal practitioners to have expertise in the intricacies of family dynamics, which can be particularly emotionally charged.

The other courts listed serve different legal functions. Civil courts generally handle non-criminal cases that involve disputes between individuals or organizations, such as contracts and torts. Juvenile courts focus on matters involving minors, particularly cases of delinquency and dependency, while probate courts deal with the legal issues surrounding the distribution of a deceased person's estate and matters like guardianship. Each type of court has its own jurisdiction, making family court the correct choice for issues specifically related to family law.