Which of the following gods is associated with the sun and light?

The god that is most closely associated with the sun and light in ancient Egyptian mythology is Ra. Ra represents the midday sun and is considered one of the most important deities in the Egyptian pantheon. He is often depicted as a falcon-headed man with a sun disk above his head, symbolizing his role as the source of light and life. Ra's significance in the creation myth and his daily journey across the sky, where he battles darkness during the night, emphasizes his dominion over the sun and light.

Horus, while also an essential deity in Egyptian mythology, is primarily associated with the sky, kingship, and protection rather than specifically with the sun. Set is associated with chaos, storms, and the desert, contrasting the qualities associated with sun deities. Osiris, though a vital figure in the afterlife and agriculture, relates more to resurrection and the cycle of life and death than to sun and light. Thus, Ra is the correct answer, as his very essence and worship revolve around the sun and its vital role in sustaining life.