Which term is associated with the abnormal enlargement of an organ due to an increased number of cells?

The term associated with the abnormal enlargement of an organ due to an increased number of cells is hyperplasia. This condition is characterized by an increase in cell proliferation, resulting in the enlargement of the organ or tissue involved. Hyperplasia can occur in response to various stimuli, such as hormonal changes or chronic irritants, and is typically reversible if the underlying cause is addressed.

In contrast, hypertrophy refers to the increase in the size of existing cells, rather than an increase in cell number. Adenoma is a benign tumor that arises from glandular tissue and does not specifically refer to the process of cell number increase. Neoplasia encompasses abnormal growth of tissue, which can include both benign and malignant tumors, but it is a broader term that does not specifically define an increase in cell numbers like hyperplasia does. Thus, hyperplasia is the most accurate term for describing this specific type of organ enlargement.