Which type of solution is characterized by containing the most solute?

The correct answer is indeed characterized by containing a greater amount of solute than what is typically dissolved in a solvent. A supersaturated solution is formed by first dissolving solute in a solvent at an elevated temperature, allowing greater solute dissolution. Upon cooling, the solution retains more solute than it would under normal conditions, resulting in an unstable state. This excess solute may precipitate out when disturbed, but at that moment, the solution is noted for having a concentration exceeding the saturation point.

In contrast, a saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at a specific temperature, meaning it cannot hold any more solute without some of it precipitating out. An unsaturated solution has less solute than is needed to reach saturation, allowing for more solute to dissolve. A concentrated solution refers to one that has a relatively high amount of solute compared to the solvent but does not necessarily imply that it has exceeded saturation limits.

Therefore, the defining characteristic of a supersaturated solution is its ability to contain more solute than is normally soluble at a specific temperature, making it the correct choice.